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The tribox, also called the Penrose rectangle or Penrose square, is an impossible figure that is the generalization of the Penrose triangle from a triangle to a square. ...

The de Longchamps line is central line L_(32) with trilinear equation a^3alpha+b^3beta+c^3gamma=0 (Droussent 1953; Kimberling 1998, p. 150) which is the anticomplement of the ...

Draw antiparallels through the symmedian point K. The points where these lines intersect the sides then lie on a circle, known as the cosine circle (or sometimes the second ...

A Mycielski graph M_k of order k is a triangle-free graph with chromatic number k having the smallest possible number of vertices. For example, triangle-free graphs with ...

A twin Pythagorean triple is a Pythagorean triple (a,b,c) for which two values are consecutive integers. By definition, twin triplets are therefore primitive triples. Of the ...

A general quadratic Diophantine equation in two variables x and y is given by ax^2+cy^2=k, (1) where a, c, and k are specified (positive or negative) integers and x and y are ...

Number theory is a vast and fascinating field of mathematics, sometimes called "higher arithmetic," consisting of the study of the properties of whole numbers. Primes and ...

What is the maximum number of queens that can be placed on an n×n chessboard such that no two attack one another? The answer is n-1 queens for n=2 or n=3 and n queens ...

A random number is a number chosen as if by chance from some specified distribution such that selection of a large set of these numbers reproduces the underlying ...

The straight line on which all points at infinity lie. The line at infinity is central line L_6 (Kimberling 1998, p. 150), and has trilinear equation aalpha+bbeta+cgamma=0, ...