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A set S is said to be GCD-closed if GCD(x_i,x_j) in S for 1<=i,j<=n.

In common usage, an ordinal number is an adjective which describes the numerical position of an object, e.g., first, second, third, etc. In formal set theory, an ordinal ...

An independent dominating set of a graph G is a set of vertices in G that is both an independent vertex set and a dominating set of G. The minimum size of an independent ...

A minimal dominating set is a dominating set in a graph that is not a proper subset of any other dominating set. Every minimum dominating set is a minimal dominating set, but ...

Let X be a set and S a collection of subsets of X. A subset A subset X is shattered by S if each subset B subset A of A can be expressed as the intersection of A with a ...

A set A of integers is productive if there exists a partial recursive function f such that, for any x, the following holds: If the domain of phi_x is a subset of A, then f(x) ...

The expected number of trials needed to collect a complete set of n different objects when picked at random with repetition is nH_n (Havil 2003, p. 131). For n=1, 2, ..., the ...

The version of set theory obtained if Axiom 6 of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory is replaced by 6'. Selection axiom (or "axiom of subsets"): for any set-theoretic formula A(u), ...

A branch of mathematics which attempts to formalize the nature of the set using a minimal collection of independent axioms. Unfortunately, as discovered by its earliest ...

A subset {v_1,...,v_k} of a vector space V, with the inner product <,>, is called orthogonal if <v_i,v_j>=0 when i!=j. That is, the vectors are mutually perpendicular. Note ...