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A matching, also called an independent edge set, on a graph G is a set of edges of G such that no two sets share a vertex in common. It is not possible for a matching on a ...

The axiom of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory which asserts that sets formed by the same elements are equal, forall x(x in a=x in b)=>a=b. Note that some texts (e.g., Devlin ...

A list of five properties of a topological space X expressing how rich the "population" of open sets is. More precisely, each of them tells us how tightly a closed subset can ...

The symbol union , used for the union of sets, and, sometimes, also for the logical connective OR instead of the symbol v (vee). In fact, for any two sets A and B x in A ...

A set partition of the rational numbers into two nonempty subsets S_1 and S_2 such that all members of S_1 are less than those of S_2 and such that S_1 has no greatest ...

Let S be a nonempty set of real numbers that has a lower bound. A number c is the called the greatest lower bound (or the infimum, denoted infS) for S iff it satisfies the ...

Let S be a nonempty set of real numbers that has an upper bound. Then a number c is called the least upper bound (or the supremum, denoted supS) for S iff it satisfies the ...

The disjoint union of two sets A and B is a binary operator that combines all distinct elements of a pair of given sets, while retaining the original set membership as a ...

An equilibrium point in game theory is a set of strategies {x^^_1,...,x^^_n} such that the ith payoff function K_i(x) is larger or equal for any other ith strategy, i.e., ...

The fundamental group of an arcwise-connected set X is the group formed by the sets of equivalence classes of the set of all loops, i.e., paths with initial and final points ...