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A puzzle involving disentangling a set of rings from a looped double rod, originally used by French peasants to lock chests (Steinhaus 1999). The word "baguenaudier" means ...

The nth central trinomial coefficient is defined as the coefficient of x^n in the expansion of (1+x+x^2)^n. It is therefore the middle column of the trinomial triangle, i.e., ...

The power of a fixed point A with respect to a circle of radius r and center O is defined by the product p=AP×AQ, (1) where P and Q are the intersections of a line through A ...

In general, the word "complement" refers to that subset F^' of some set S which excludes a given subset F. Taking F and its complement F^' together then gives the whole of ...

A differential k-form is a tensor of tensor rank k that is antisymmetric under exchange of any pair of indices. The number of algebraically independent components in n ...

Discrete mathematics is the branch of mathematics dealing with objects that can assume only distinct, separated values. The term "discrete mathematics" is therefore used in ...

There are (at least) three types of Euler transforms (or transformations). The first is a set of transformations of hypergeometric functions, called Euler's hypergeometric ...

The falling factorial (x)_n, sometimes also denoted x^(n__) (Graham et al. 1994, p. 48), is defined by (x)_n=x(x-1)...(x-(n-1)) (1) for n>=0. Is also known as the binomial ...

A fiber bundle (also called simply a bundle) with fiber F is a map f:E->B where E is called the total space of the fiber bundle and B the base space of the fiber bundle. The ...

The fundamental theorem(s) of calculus relate derivatives and integrals with one another. These relationships are both important theoretical achievements and pactical tools ...