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A curve of constant width constructed by drawing arcs from each polygon vertex of an equilateral triangle between the other two vertices. The Reuleaux triangle has the ...

Spherical coordinates, also called spherical polar coordinates (Walton 1967, Arfken 1985), are a system of curvilinear coordinates that are natural for describing positions ...

The group of all nonsingular n×n stochastic matrices over a field F. It is denoted S(n,F). If p is prime and F is the finite field of order q=p^m, S(n,q) is written instead ...

The angular twist theta of a shaft with given cross section is given by theta=(TL)/(KG) (1) (Roark 1954, p. 174), where T is the twisting moment (commonly measured in units ...

An apodization function given by A(x)=(21)/(50)+1/2cos((pix)/a)+2/(25)cos((2pix)/a), (1) which has full width at half maximum of 0.810957a. This function is defined so that ...

Let f be an entire function of finite order lambda and {a_j} the zeros of f, listed with multiplicity, then the rank p of f is defined as the least positive integer such that ...

A complex line bundle is a vector bundle pi:E->M whose fibers pi^(-1)(m) are a copy of C. pi is a holomorphic line bundle if it is a holomorphic map between complex manifolds ...

A real-valued univariate function f=f(x) has a jump discontinuity at a point x_0 in its domain provided that lim_(x->x_0-)f(x)=L_1<infty (1) and lim_(x->x_0+)f(x)=L_2<infty ...

The Lebesgue integral is defined in terms of upper and lower bounds using the Lebesgue measure of a set. It uses a Lebesgue sum S_n=sum_(i)eta_imu(E_i) where eta_i is the ...

Let mu(sigma) be the least upper bound of the numbers A such that |zeta(sigma+it)|t^(-A) is bounded as t->infty, where zeta(s) is the Riemann zeta function. Then the Lindelöf ...