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A set function mu is said to possess countable subadditivity if, given any countable disjoint collection of sets {E_k}_(k=1)^n on which mu is defined, mu( union ...

A type of plot invented by M. Trott that shows the behavior of a function near and far from the origin simultaneously. Inside a given radius, the plot shows the actual value ...

Given two distributions Y and X with joint probability density function f(x,y), let U=Y/X be the ratio distribution. Then the distribution function of u is D(u) = P(U<=u) (1) ...

A point of a function or surface which is a stationary point but not an extremum. An example of a one-dimensional function with a saddle point is f(x)=x^3, which has f^'(x) = ...

The word quantile has no fewer than two distinct meanings in probability. Specific elements x in the range of a variate X are called quantiles, and denoted x (Evans et al. ...

The set of L^p-functions (where p>=1) generalizes L2-space. Instead of square integrable, the measurable function f must be p-integrable for f to be in L^p. On a measure ...

Physicists and engineers use the phrase "order of magnitude" to refer to the smallest power of ten needed to represent a quantity. Two quantities A and B which are within ...

If (1-z)^(alpha+beta-gamma-1/2)_2F_1(2alpha,2beta;2gamma;z)=sum_(n=0)^inftya_nz^n, (1) where _2F_1(a,b;c;z) is a hypergeometric function, then (2) where (a)_n is a Pochhammer ...

Let K subset= C be compact, let f be analytic on a neighborhood of K, and let P subset= C^*\K contain at least one point from each connected component of C^*\K. Then for any ...

_2F_1(a,b;c;1)=((c-b)_(-a))/((c)_(-a))=(Gamma(c)Gamma(c-a-b))/(Gamma(c-a)Gamma(c-b)) for R[c-a-b]>0, where _2F_1(a,b;c;x) is a (Gauss) hypergeometric function. If a is a ...