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A quadratic form involving n real variables x_1, x_2, ..., x_n associated with the n×n matrix A=a_(ij) is given by Q(x_1,x_2,...,x_n)=a_(ij)x_ix_j, (1) where Einstein ...

A fixed point for which the stability matrix has equal negative eigenvalues.

A fixed point for which the stability matrix has equal positive eigenvalues.

A method of computing the determinant of a square matrix due to Charles Dodgson (1866) (who is more famous under his pseudonym Lewis Carroll). The method is useful for hand ...

A method for finding a matrix inverse. To apply Gauss-Jordan elimination, operate on a matrix [A I]=[a_(11) ... a_(1n) 1 0 ... 0; a_(21) ... a_(2n) 0 1 ... 0; | ... | | | ... ...

An invertible linear transformation T:V->W is a map between vector spaces V and W with an inverse map which is also a linear transformation. When T is given by matrix ...

Any square matrix T has a canonical form without any need to extend the field of its coefficients. For instance, if the entries of T are rational numbers, then so are the ...

A diagonal of a square matrix which is traversed in the "southeast" direction. "The" diagonal (or "main diagonal," or "principal diagonal," or "leading diagonal") of an n×n ...

Given a matrix equation Ax=b, the normal equation is that which minimizes the sum of the square differences between the left and right sides: A^(T)Ax=A^(T)b. It is called a ...

The characteristic polynomial is the polynomial left-hand side of the characteristic equation det(A-lambdaI)=0, (1) where A is a square matrix and I is the identity matrix of ...