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The factorial n! is defined for a positive integer n as n!=n(n-1)...2·1. (1) So, for example, 4!=4·3·2·1=24. An older notation for the factorial was written (Mellin 1909; ...

The Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind are a set of orthogonal polynomials defined as the solutions to the Chebyshev differential equation and denoted T_n(x). They are ...

Probability and Statistics

A notation for large numbers due to Steinhaus (1999). In circle notation, is defined as n in n squares, where numbers written inside squares (and triangles) are interpreted ...

A cylinder can be dissected into unequal squares, with nine squares required at a minimum. Trivial squarings can be constructed by taking rectangle dissections and matching ...

The term used by Hunter and Madachy (1975, p. 24) and Madachy (1979, p. 87) to refer to a panmagic square.

The illusion in view by staring at the small black dot for a half minute or so, then switching to the white dot. The black squares appear stationary when staring at the white ...

A large number defined as where the circle notation denotes "n in n squares," and triangles and squares are expanded in terms of Steinhaus-Moser notation (Steinhaus 1999, pp. ...

A regression giving conditional expectation values of a given variable in terms of two or more other variables.

Given a matrix equation Ax=b, the normal equation is that which minimizes the sum of the square differences between the left and right sides: A^(T)Ax=A^(T)b. It is called a ...