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An unknown is an independent variable of a function. A function with n independent variables is said to be a function "in," "with," or "of" n unknowns.

Apéry's constant is defined by zeta(3)=1.2020569..., (1) (OEIS A002117) where zeta(z) is the Riemann zeta function. B. Haible and T. Papanikolaou computed zeta(3) to 1000000 ...

A method for verifying the correctness of an arithmetical operation on natural numbers, based on the same principle as casting out nines. The methods of sevens takes ...

An algorithm which can be used to find integer relations between real numbers x_1, ..., x_n such that a_1x_1+a_2x_2+...+a_nx_n=0, with not all a_i=0. Although the algorithm ...

The inverse tangent integral Ti_2(x) is defined in terms of the dilogarithm Li_2(x) by Li_2(ix)=1/4Li_2(-x^2)+iTi_2(x) (1) (Lewin 1958, p. 33). It has the series ...

Suppose the harmonic series converges to h: sum_(k=1)^infty1/k=h. Then rearranging the terms in the sum gives h-1=h, which is a contradiction.

The series with sum sum_(n=0)^infty1/(F_(2^n))=1/2(7-sqrt(5)), where F_k is a Fibonacci number (Honsberger 1985).

Two representations of a group chi_i and chi_j are said to be orthogonal if sum_(R)chi_i(R)chi_j(R)=0 for i!=j, where the sum is over all elements R of the representation.

The power series that defines the exponential map e^x also defines a map between matrices. In particular, exp(A) = e^(A) (1) = sum_(n=0)^(infty)(A^n)/(n!) (2) = ...

where _2F_1(a,b;c;z) is a hypergeometric function and _3F_2(a,b,c;d,e;z) is a generalized hypergeometric function.