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A Goldbach number is a positive integer that is the sum of two odd primes (Li 1999). Let E(x) (the "exceptional set of Goldbach numbers") denote the number of even numbers ...

The sequence of numbers which are sums of distinct powers of 4. The first few are 0, 1, 4, 5, 16, 17, 20, 21, 64, 65, 68, 69, 80, 81, 84, ... (OEIS A000695). These numbers ...

A Münchhausen number (sometimes spelled Münchausen number, with a single 'h') is a number equal to the sum of its digits raised to each digit's power. Münchhausen numbers ...

If we expand the determinant of a matrix A using determinant expansion by minors, first in terms of the minors of order r formed from any r rows, with their complementaries, ...

An even Walsh function with sequency k defined by Cal(n,k)=W(n,2k+1).

An odd Mathieu function se_r(z,q) with characteristic value a_r.

The relative rate of change of a function f(x) is the ratio if its derivative to itself, namely R(f(x))=(f^'(x))/(f(x)).

An odd Walsh function with sequency k defined by Sal(n,k)=W(n,2k).

The number of poles of an automorphic function in the closure of its fundamental region.

Let there be N_i observations of the ith phenomenon, where i=1, ..., p and N = sumN_i (1) y^__i = 1/(N_i)sum_(alpha)y_(ialpha) (2) y^_ = 1/Nsum_(i)sum_(alpha)y_(ialpha). (3) ...