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A popular acronym for "principal ideal domain." In engineering circles, the acronym PID refers to the "proportional-integral-derivative method" algorithm for controlling ...

The solution u(x,y)=int_0^xdxiint_1^yR(xi,eta;x,y)f(xi,eta)deta, where R(x,y;xieta) is the Riemann function of the linear Goursat problem with characteristics phi=psi=0 ...

The truth of an infinite sequence of propositions P_i for i=1, ..., infty is established if (1) P_1 is true, and (2) P_k implies P_(k+1) for all k. This principle is ...

Marsaglia (1972) has given a simple method for selecting points with a uniform distribution on the surface of a 4-sphere. This is accomplished by picking two pairs of points ...

Ueberhuber (1997, p. 71) and Krommer and Ueberhuber (1998, pp. 49 and 155-165) use the word "quadrature" to mean numerical computation of a univariate integral, and ...

The Ablowitz-Ramani-Segur conjecture states that a nonlinear partial differential equation is solvable by the inverse scattering method only if every nonlinear ordinary ...

Wallis's constant is the real solution (x^3-2x-5)_1=2.0945514815... (OEIS A007493) to the cubic equation x^3-2x-5=0. It was solved by Wallis to illustrate Newton's method for ...

An algorithm which finds a polynomial recurrence for terminating hypergeometric identities of the form sum_(k)(n; ...

Ellipsoidal calculus is a method for solving problems in control and estimation theory having unknown but bounded errors in terms of sets of approximating ellipsoidal-value ...

A method for testing nested hypotheses. To apply the procedure, given a specific model, calculate the likelihood of observing the actual data. Then compare this likelihood to ...