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An estimation technique which is insensitive to small departures from the idealized assumptions which have been used to optimize the algorithm. Classes of such techniques ...

The signed deviation is defined by Deltau_i=(u_i-u^_), so the average deviation is Deltau^_=u_i-u^_^_=u_i^_-u^_=0.

Sinai billiards is the reflection of a ray of light by an arrangement of perfectly reflecting circles in the plane (Trott 2004, pp. 28-30). The path is extremely sensitive to ...

A quantity (such as a statistical median, quartile deviation, etc.), which is calculated from observed data.

The Bernoulli distribution is a discrete distribution having two possible outcomes labelled by n=0 and n=1 in which n=1 ("success") occurs with probability p and n=0 ...

A class of formal series expansions in derivatives of a distribution Psi(t) which may (but need not) be the normal distribution function Phi(t)=1/(sqrt(2pi))e^(-t^2/2) (1) ...

Covariance provides a measure of the strength of the correlation between two or more sets of random variates. The covariance for two random variates X and Y, each with sample ...

The term domain has (at least) three different meanings in mathematics. The term domain is most commonly used to describe the set of values D for which a function (map, ...

Let a distribution to be approximated be the distribution F_n of standardized sums Y_n=(sum_(i=1)^(n)(X_i-X^_))/(sqrt(sum_(i=1)^(n)sigma_X^2)). (1) In the Charlier series, ...

Given a Poisson distribution with rate of change lambda, the distribution of waiting times between successive changes (with k=0) is D(x) = P(X<=x) (1) = 1-P(X>x) (2) = ...