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The fractal-like two-dimensional function f(x,y)=((x^2-y^2)sin((x+y)/a))/(x^2+y^2). The function is named for the appearance of a butterfly-like pattern centered around the ...

An asymptote is a line or curve that approaches a given curve arbitrarily closely, as illustrated in the above diagram. The plot above shows 1/x, which has a vertical ...

A cusp is a point at which two branches of a curve meet such that the tangents of each branch are equal. The above plot shows the semicubical parabola curve x^3-y^2=0, which ...

A graphical plot which can be used for solving certain types of equations. According to Steinhaus (1999, p. 301), the Nomogram was invented by the French mathematicians ...

A point where a curve intersects itself along four arcs. The above plot shows the quadruple point at the origin of the quadrifolium (x^2+y^2)^3-4x^2y^2=0.

A point where a curve intersects itself along three arcs. The above plot shows the triple point at the origin of the trifolium (x^2+y^2)^2+3x^2y-y^3=0.

The vertical axis of a two-dimensional plot in Cartesian coordinates. Physicists and astronomers sometimes call this axis the ordinate, although that term is more commonly ...

A general type of statistical distribution which is related to the gamma distribution. Beta distributions have two free parameters, which are labeled according to one of two ...

The word quantile has no fewer than two distinct meanings in probability. Specific elements x in the range of a variate X are called quantiles, and denoted x (Evans et al. ...

A Julia set fractal obtained by iterating the function z_(n+1)=c(z_n-sgn(R[z_n])), where sgn(x) is the sign function and R[z] is the real part of z. The plot above sets ...