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The statistical index P_M=(sump_nq_a)/(sump_0q_a), where p_n is the price per unit in period n and q_n is the quantity produced in period n.

If there exists a critical region C of size alpha and a nonnegative constant k such that (product_(i=1)^(n)f(x_i|theta_1))/(product_(i=1)^(n)f(x_i|theta_0))>=k for points in ...

The statistical index P_P=(sump_nq_n)/(sump_0q_n), where p_n is the price per unit in period n and q_n is the quantity produced in period n.

A test for determining the probability that a given result could not have occurred by chance (its significance).

The statistical index P_W=(sumsqrt(q_0q_n)p_n)/(sumsqrt(q_0q_n)p_0), where p_n is the price per unit in period n and q_n is the quantity produced in period n.

Hypothesis testing is the use of statistics to determine the probability that a given hypothesis is true. The usual process of hypothesis testing consists of four steps. 1. ...

An alpha value is a number 0<=alpha<=1 such that P(z>=z_(observed))<=alpha is considered "significant," where P is a P-value.

The converse of Fisher's theorem.

If X and Y are independent variates and X+Y is a normal distribution, then both X and Y must have normal distributions. This was proved by Cramér in 1936.

The ratio of two independent estimates of the variance of a normal distribution.