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A number which is simultaneously pentagonal and hexagonal. Let P_n denote the nth pentagonal number and H_m the mth hexagonal number, then a number which is both pentagonal ...

A hexahedral graph is a polyhedral graph on six vertices. There are seven distinct hexahedral graphs (illustrated above) which, through duality, correspond to seven convex ...

The expected value B_n(s) of r^s from a fixed vertex of a unit n-cube to a point picked at random in the interior of the hypercube is given by B_n(s) = ...

The hypotenuse of a right triangle is the triangle's longest side, i.e., the side opposite the right angle. The word derives from the Greek hypo- ("under") and teinein ("to ...

An identity is a mathematical relationship equating one quantity to another (which may initially appear to be different).

The imaginary part I[z] of a complex number z=x+iy is the real number multiplying i, so I[x+iy]=y. In terms of z itself, I[z]=(z-z^_)/(2i), where z^_ is the complex conjugate ...

The inverse Gaussian distribution, also known as the Wald distribution, is the distribution over [0,infty) with probability density function and distribution function given ...

In determinant expansion by minors, the minimal number of transpositions of adjacent columns in a square matrix needed to turn the matrix representing a permutation of ...

The invertible matrix theorem is a theorem in linear algebra which gives a series of equivalent conditions for an n×n square matrix A to have an inverse. In particular, A is ...

An authalic latitude which is directly proportional to the spacing of parallels of latitude from the equator on an ellipsoidal Mercator projection. It is defined by ...