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Fredholm's theorem states that, if A is an m×n matrix, then the orthogonal complement of the row space of A is the null space of A, and the orthogonal complement of the ...

Let a^p+b^p=c^p be a solution to Fermat's last theorem. Then the corresponding Frey curve is y^2=x(x-a^p)(x+b^p). (1) Ribet (1990a) showed that such curves cannot be modular, ...

Let f(x) be a monic polynomial of degree d with discriminant Delta. Then an odd integer n with (n,f(0)Delta)=1 is called a Frobenius pseudoprime with respect to f(x) if it ...

Gaussian brackets are notation published by Gauss in Disquisitiones Arithmeticae and defined by [ ]=1 (1) [a_1]=a_1 (2) [a_1,a_2]=[a_1]a_2+[ ] (3) ...

Gauss's continued fraction is given by the continued fraction ...

A golden rhombus is a rhombus whose diagonals are in the ratio p/q=phi, where phi is the golden ratio. The faces of the acute golden rhombohedron, Bilinski dodecahedron, ...

A cycle graph of a group is a graph which shows cycles of a group as well as the connectivity between the cycles. Such graphs are constructed by drawing labeled nodes, one ...

An apodization function chosen to minimize the height of the highest sidelobe (Hamming and Tukey 1949, Blackman and Tukey 1959). The Hamming function is given by ...

An apodization function, also called the Hann function, frequently used to reduce leakage in discrete Fourier transforms. The illustrations above show the Hanning function, ...

The word "harmonic" has several distinct meanings in mathematics, none of which is obviously related to the others. Simple harmonic motion or "harmonic oscillation" refers to ...