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A large number defined as where the circle notation denotes "n in n squares," and triangles and squares are expanded in terms of Steinhaus-Moser notation (Steinhaus 1999, pp. ...

An odd composite number N is called a Somer-Lucas d-pseudoprime (with d>=1) if there exists a nondegenerate Lucas sequence U(P,Q) with U_0=0, U_1=1, D=P^2-4Q, such that ...

A number n is said to be divisible by d if d is a divisor of n. The function Divisible[n, d] returns True if an integer n is divisible by an integer d. The product of any n ...

Hoffman (1998, p. 90) calls the sum of the exponents in the prime factorization of a number its roundness. The first few values for n=1, 2, ... are 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, ...

A process of successively crossing out members of a list according to a set of rules such that only some remain. The best known sieve is the sieve of Eratosthenes for ...

A prime partition of a positive integer n>=2 is a set of primes p_i which sum to n. For example, there are three prime partitions of 7 since 7=7=2+5=2+2+3. The number of ...

That part of a positive integer left after all square factors are divided out. For example, the squarefree part of 24=2^3·3 is 6, since 6·2^2=24. For n=1, 2, ..., the first ...

Let G be a group, and let S subset= G be a set of group elements such that the identity element I not in S. The Cayley graph associated with (G,S) is then defined as the ...

Let p be an odd prime, a be a positive number such that pa (i.e., p does not divide a), and let x be one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, ..., p-1. Then there is a unique x^', called ...

In 1976, Coates and Wiles showed that elliptic curves with complex multiplication having an infinite number of solutions have L-functions which are zero at the relevant fixed ...