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Let (K,|·|) be a complete non-Archimedean valuated field, with valuation ring R, and let f(X) be a power series with coefficients in R. Suppose at least one of the ...

An inequality is strict if replacing any "less than" and "greater than" signs with equal signs never gives a true expression. For example, a<=b is not strict, whereas a<b is.

A lower triangular matrix having 0s along the diagonal as well as the upper portion, i.e., a matrix A=[a_(ij)] such that a_(ij)=0 for i<=j. Written explicitly, L=[0 0 ... 0; ...

A term meaning "spinning top" in Greek which was coined by J. H. Conway by e-mail in the Polyhedron Discussion List as a term for kite-shaped quadrilaterals. Formally, a ...

If a subset S of the elements of a field F satisfies the field axioms with the same operations of F, then S is called a subfield of F. In a finite field of field order p^n, ...

Let sigma_0(n) and sigma_1(n) denote the number and sum of the divisors of n, respectively (i.e., the zeroth- and first-order divisor functions). A number n is called sublime ...

A submersion is a smooth map f:M->N when dimM>=dimN, given that the differential, or Jacobian, is surjective at every x in M. The basic example of a submersion is the ...

A subsequence of {a} is a sequence {b} defined by b_k=a_(n_k), where n_1<n_2<... is an increasing sequence of indices (D'Angelo and West 2000). For example, the prime numbers ...

A condition used in the definition of a mathematical object, commonly denoted : or |. For example, the rationals Q can be defined by Q={p/q:q!=0,p,q in Z}, read as "the set ...

For a discrete function f(n), the summatory function is defined by F(n)=sum_(k in D)^nf(k), where D is the domain of the function.