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An odd chordless cycle is a chordless cycle of length >4. A graph is said to be perfect iff neither the graph G nor its graph complement G^_ has an odd chordless cycle. A ...

An expression that is of a given type. For example, all primes p>3 are "of the form" 6n+/-1. The term "of shape" is sometimes also used.

A collection of open sets of a topological space whose union contains a given subset. For example, an open cover of the real line, with respect to the Euclidean topology, is ...

A surface which is homeomorphic to a finite collection of spheres, each with a finite number of handles, cross-handles, cross-caps, and perforations. A preliminary version of ...

An important result in ergodic theory. It states that any two "Bernoulli schemes" with the same measure-theoretic entropy are measure-theoretically isomorphic.

The ordinary differential equation

In a space E equipped with a symmetric, differential k-form, or Hermitian form, the orthogonal sum is the direct sum of two subspaces V and W, which are mutually orthogonal. ...

An outcome is a subset of a probability space. Experimental outcomes are not uniquely determined from the description of an experiment, and must be agreed upon to avoid ...

The statistical index P_P=(sump_nq_n)/(sump_0q_n), where p_n is the price per unit in period n and q_n is the quantity produced in period n.

A papal cross is a cross having three crossbars. A schematic polyomino version of a papal cross is illustrated above.