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The operation of exchanging all points of a mathematical object with their mirror images (i.e., reflections in a mirror). Objects that do not change handedness under ...

Consider the inequality sigma(n)<e^gammanlnlnn for integer n>1, where sigma(n) is the divisor function and gamma is the Euler-Mascheroni constant. This holds for 7, 11, 13, ...

The prime number theorem shows that the nth prime number p_n has the asymptotic value p_n∼nlnn (1) as n->infty (Havil 2003, p. 182). Rosser's theorem makes this a rigorous ...

The scalar triple product of three vectors A, B, and C is denoted [A,B,C] and defined by [A,B,C] = A·(BxC) (1) = B·(CxA) (2) = C·(AxB) (3) = det(ABC) (4) = |A_1 A_2 A_3; B_1 ...

The randomization of a deck of cards by repeated interleaving. More generally, a shuffle is a rearrangement of the elements in an ordered list. Shuffling by exactly ...

The solid angle Omega subtended by a surface S is defined as the surface area Omega of a unit sphere covered by the surface's projection onto the sphere. This can be written ...

A solitary number is a number which does not have any friends. Solitary numbers include all primes, prime powers, and numbers for which (n,sigma(n))=1, where (a,b) is the ...

The median of a statistical distribution with distribution function D(x) is the value x such D(x)=1/2. For a symmetric distribution, it is therefore equal to the mean. Given ...

The Stieltjes integral is a generalization of the Riemann integral. Let f(x) and alpha(x) be real-valued bounded functions defined on a closed interval [a,b]. Take a ...

Surreal numbers are the most natural collection of numbers which includes both the real numbers and the infinite ordinal numbers of Georg Cantor. They were invented by John ...