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Given a group of n men arranged in a circle under the edict that every mth man will be executed going around the circle until only one remains, find the position L(n,m) in ...

A Sierpiński number of the second kind is a number k satisfying Sierpiński's composite number theorem, i.e., a Proth number k such that k·2^n+1 is composite for every n>=1. ...

Conway games were introduced by J. H. Conway in 1976 to provide a formal structure for analyzing games satisfying certain requirements: 1. There are two players, Left and ...

The cotangent function cotz is the function defined by cotz = 1/(tanz) (1) = (i(e^(iz)+e^(-iz)))/(e^(iz)-e^(-iz)) (2) = (i(e^(2iz)+1))/(e^(2iz)-1), (3) where tanz is the ...

Let Gamma(z) be the gamma function and n!! denote a double factorial, then [(Gamma(m+1/2))/(Gamma(m))]^2[1/m+(1/2)^21/(m+1)+((1·3)/(2·4))^21/(m+2)+...]_()_(n) ...

The partial differential equation (1-u_t^2)u_(xx)+2u_xu_tu_(xt)-(1+u_x^2)u_(tt)=0.

The partial differential equation R[u](u_(rr)+(u_r)/r+u_(zz))=u_r^2+u_z^2, where R[u] is the real part of u (Calogero and Degasperis 1982, p. 62; Zwillinger 1997, p. 131).

The only whole number solution to the Diophantine equation y^3=x^2+2 is y=3, x=+/-5. This theorem was offered as a problem by Fermat, who suppressed his own proof.

Let a patch be given by the map x:U->R^n, where U is an open subset of R^2, or more generally by x:A->R^n, where A is any subset of R^2. Then x(U) (or more generally, x(A)) ...

The n-roll mill curve is given by the equation x^n-(n; 2)x^(n-2)y^2+(n; 4)x^(n-4)y^4-...=a^n, where (n; k) is a binomial coefficient.