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The Diffie-Hellman protocol is a method for two computer users to generate a shared private key with which they can then exchange information across an insecure channel. Let ...

The first definition of the logarithm was constructed by Napier and popularized through his posthumous pamphlet (Napier 1619). It this pamphlet, Napier sought to reduce the ...

Rather surprisingly, trigonometric functions of npi/17 for n an integer can be expressed in terms of sums, products, and finite root extractions because 17 is a Fermat prime. ...

Laguerre-Gauss quadrature, also called Gauss-Laguerre quadrature or Laguerre quadrature, is a Gaussian quadrature over the interval [0,infty) with weighting function ...

A polygonal number of the form n(5n-3)/2. The first few are 1, 7, 18, 34, 55, 81, 112, ... (OEIS A000566). The generating function for the heptagonal numbers is ...

A polygonal number of the form O_n=n(3n-2). The first few are 1, 8, 21, 40, 65, 96, 133, 176, ... (OEIS A000567). The generating function for the octagonal numbers is ...

A figurate number of the form g_n=2n-1 giving the area of the square gnomon obtained by removing a square of side n-1 from a square of side n, g_n = n^2-(n-1)^2 (1) = 2n-1. ...

A figurate number which is constructed as an octahedral number with a square pyramid removed from each of the six graph vertices, TO_n = O_(3n-2)-6P_(n-1)^((4)) (1) = ...

The dilogarithm Li_2(z) is a special case of the polylogarithm Li_n(z) for n=2. Note that the notation Li_2(x) is unfortunately similar to that for the logarithmic integral ...

The word argument is used in several differing contexts in mathematics. The most common usage refers to the argument of a function, but is also commonly used to refer to the ...