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A spheroidal harmonic is a special case of an ellipsoidal harmonic that satisfies the differential equation d/(dx)[(1-x^2)(dS)/(dx)]+(lambda-c^2x^2-(m^2)/(1-x^2))S=0 on the ...

A zonal harmonic is a spherical harmonic of the form P_l(costheta), i.e., one which reduces to a Legendre polynomial (Whittaker and Watson 1990, p. 302). These harmonics are ...

A tesseral harmonic is a spherical harmonic of the form cos; sin(mphi)P_l^m(costheta). These harmonics are so named because the curves on which they vanish are l-m parallels ...

A polynomial function of the elements of a vector x can be uniquely decomposed into a sum of harmonic polynomials times powers of |x|.

The first solution to Lamé's differential equation, denoted E_n^m(x) for m=1, ..., 2n+1. They are also called Lamé functions. The product of two ellipsoidal harmonics of the ...

Ellipsoidal harmonics of the second kind, also known as Lamé functions of the second kind, are variously defined as F_m^p(x)=(2m+1)E_m^p(x) ...

A curve on the surface of a sphere. Examples include the baseball cover, Seiffert's spherical spiral, spherical helix, and spherical spiral.

A closed geometric figure on the surface of a sphere which is formed by the arcs of great circles. The spherical polygon is a generalization of the spherical triangle. If ...

The volume of a spherical wedge is V=2/3r^3theta. The surface area of the corresponding spherical lune is S=2r^2theta.

A spherical triangle is a figure formed on the surface of a sphere by three great circular arcs intersecting pairwise in three vertices. The spherical triangle is the ...