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A cubic curve invented by Diocles in about 180 BC in connection with his attempt to duplicate the cube by geometrical methods. The name "cissoid" first appears in the work of ...

The confluent hypergeometric function of the second kind gives the second linearly independent solution to the confluent hypergeometric differential equation. It is also ...

The distance between two points is the length of the path connecting them. In the plane, the distance between points (x_1,y_1) and (x_2,y_2) is given by the Pythagorean ...

The (circular) helicoid is the minimal surface having a (circular) helix as its boundary. It is the only ruled minimal surface other than the plane (Catalan 1842, do Carmo ...

By way of analogy with the usual tangent tanz=(sinz)/(cosz), (1) the hyperbolic tangent is defined as tanhz = (sinhz)/(coshz) (2) = (e^z-e^(-z))/(e^z+e^(-z)) (3) = ...

Attach a string to a point on a curve. Extend the string so that it is tangent to the curve at the point of attachment. Then wind the string up, keeping it always taut. The ...

The Kummer surfaces are a family of quartic surfaces given by the algebraic equation (x^2+y^2+z^2-mu^2w^2)^2-lambdapqrs=0, (1) where lambda=(3mu^2-1)/(3-mu^2), (2) p, q, r, ...

The normal vector, often simply called the "normal," to a surface is a vector which is perpendicular to the surface at a given point. When normals are considered on closed ...

A primitive polynomial is a polynomial that generates all elements of an extension field from a base field. Primitive polynomials are also irreducible polynomials. For any ...

The problem of finding the curve down which a bead placed anywhere will fall to the bottom in the same amount of time. The solution is a cycloid, a fact first discovered and ...