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Spherical coordinates, also called spherical polar coordinates (Walton 1967, Arfken 1985), are a system of curvilinear coordinates that are natural for describing positions ...

The study of figures on the surface of a sphere (such as the spherical triangle and spherical polygon), as opposed to the type of geometry studied in plane geometry or solid ...

The tangent indicatrix of a curve of constant precession is a spherical helix. The equation of a spherical helix on a sphere with radius r making an angle theta with the ...

A plot of a function expressed in spherical coordinates, with radius r as a function of angles theta and phi. Polar plots can be drawn using SphericalPlot3D[r, {phi, phimin, ...

The supersphere is the algebraic surface that is the special case of the superellipse with a=b=c. It has equation |x/a|^n+|y/a|^n+|z/a|^n=1 (1) or |x|^n+|y|^n+|z|^n=a^n (2) ...

A surface of revolution is a surface generated by rotating a two-dimensional curve about an axis. The resulting surface therefore always has azimuthal symmetry. Examples of ...

A tesseral harmonic is a spherical harmonic of the form cos; sin(mphi)P_l^m(costheta). These harmonics are so named because the curves on which they vanish are l-m parallels ...

The number of colors sufficient for map coloring on a surface of genus g is given by the Heawood conjecture, chi(g)=|_1/2(7+sqrt(48g+1))_|, where |_x_| is the floor function. ...

A transition function describes the difference in the way an object is described in two separate, overlapping coordinate charts, where the description of the same set may ...

The universal cover of a connected topological space X is a simply connected space Y with a map f:Y->X that is a covering map. If X is simply connected, i.e., has a trivial ...