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A magic square-type arrangement of the words in the Latin sentence "Sator Arepo tenet opera rotas" ("the farmer Arepo keeps the world rolling"). This square has been found in ...

Let G=(V,E) be a (not necessarily simple) undirected edge-weighted graph with nonnegative weights. A cut C of G is any nontrivial subset of V, and the weight of the cut is ...

The robustness of a given outcome to small changes in initial conditions or small random fluctuations. Chaos is an example of a process which is not stable.

Kepler's original name for the small stellated dodecahedron.

A branch of mathematics which encompasses many diverse areas of minimization and optimization. Optimization theory is the more modern term for operations research. ...

If k|n, then the complete k-uniform hypergraph on n vertices decomposes into 1-factors, where a 1-factor is a set of n/k pairwise disjoint k-sets. Brouwer and Schrijver ...

The term isocline derives from the Greek words for "same slope." For a first-order ordinary differential equation y^'=f(t,y) is, a curve with equation f(t,y)=C for some ...

Almost all processes that are not obviously simple can be viewed as computations of equivalent sophistication (Wolfram 2002, pp. 5 and 716-717). More specifically, the ...

"Jabulani polyhedron" is a term introduced here to refer to the polyhedron illustrated above which underlies the shape of the soccer ball used in the 2010 World Cup in South ...

Long multiplication is the method of multiplication that is commonly taught to elementary school students throughout the world. It can be used on two numbers of arbitrarily ...