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A skew polygon such that every two consecutive sides (but no three) belong to a face of a regular polyhedron. Every regular polyhedron can be orthogonally projected onto a ...

The Gershgorin circle theorem (where "Gershgorin" is sometimes also spelled "Gersgorin" or "Gerschgorin") identifies a region in the complex plane that contains all the ...

A square matrix A is said to be unipotent if A-I, where I is an identity matrix is a nilpotent matrix (defined by the property that A^n is the zero matrix for some positive ...

A symmetric block design (4n+3, 2n+1, n) which is equivalent to a Hadamard matrix of order 4n+4. It is conjectured that Hadamard designs exist for all integers n>0, but this ...

The conjugate gradient method can be viewed as a special variant of the Lanczos method for positive definite symmetric systems. The minimal residual method (MINRES) and ...

The Sombor index of a graph is defined as half the sum of the matrix elements of its Sombor matrix.

The Schur decomposition of a complex square matrix A is a matrix decomposition of the form Q^(H)AQ=T=D+N, (1) where Q is a unitary matrix, Q^(H) is its conjugate transpose, ...

A division algebra, also called a "division ring" or "skew field," is a ring in which every nonzero element has a multiplicative inverse, but multiplication is not ...

An m×1 matrix [a_(11); a_(21); |; a_(m1)].

A 1×n matrix [a_(11) a_(12) ... a_(1n)].