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In the archaic terminology of Whittaker and Watson (1990), the complex number z representing x+iy.

A map projection. The inverse equations for phi are computed by iteration. Let the angle of the projection plane be theta_b. Define a={0 for theta_b=1/2pi; ...

Alpha is the name for the first letter in the Greek alphabet: alpha. In finance, alpha is a financial measure giving the difference between a fund's actual return and its ...

An expression is said to be ambiguous (or poorly defined) if its definition does not assign it a unique interpretation or value. An expression which is not ambiguous is said ...

The term "amplitude" is used to refer to the magnitude of an oscillation, so the amplitude of the sinusoid y=Asin(omegat) is |A|, where |A| is the absolute value of A. The ...

A function f(x) is said to be antiperiodic with antiperiod p if -f(x)=f(x+np) for n=1, 3, .... For example, the sine function sinx is antiperiodic with period pi (as well as ...

A map F from R^n to R^n is area-preserving if m(F^(-1)(A))=m(A) for every subregion A of R^n, where m(A) is the n-dimensional measure of A. A linear transformation is ...

A double integral over three coordinates giving the area within some region R, A=intint_(R)dxdy. If a plane curve is given by y=f(x), then the area between the curve and the ...

An asymmetric matrix is a square matrix that is not symmetric, i.e., a matrix A such that A^(T)!=A, where A^(T) denotes the transpose. An asymmetric matrix therefore ...

Given a function f(x) plotted in the Cartesian plane as y=f(x), the average rate of change (or average rate of change function) of f from x to a is given by ...