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All Mathieu functions have the form e^(irz)f(z), where f(z) has period 2pi and r is known as the Mathieu characteristic exponent. This exponent is returned by the Wolfram ...

A function f which may (but does not necessarily) associate a given member of the range of f with more than one member of the domain of f. For example, trigonometric ...

A set function mu is said to possess countable subadditivity if, given any countable disjoint collection of sets {E_k}_(k=1)^n on which mu is defined, mu( union ...

A type of plot invented by M. Trott that shows the behavior of a function near and far from the origin simultaneously. Inside a given radius, the plot shows the actual value ...

Given two distributions Y and X with joint probability density function f(x,y), let U=Y/X be the ratio distribution. Then the distribution function of u is D(u) = P(U<=u) (1) ...

A point of a function or surface which is a stationary point but not an extremum. An example of a one-dimensional function with a saddle point is f(x)=x^3, which has f^'(x) = ...

Recall the definition of the autocorrelation function C(t) of a function E(t), C(t)=int_(-infty)^inftyE^_(tau)E(t+tau)dtau. (1) Also recall that the Fourier transform of E(t) ...

The word quantile has no fewer than two distinct meanings in probability. Specific elements x in the range of a variate X are called quantiles, and denoted x (Evans et al. ...

The set of L^p-functions (where p>=1) generalizes L2-space. Instead of square integrable, the measurable function f must be p-integrable for f to be in L^p. On a measure ...

Physicists and engineers use the phrase "order of magnitude" to refer to the smallest power of ten needed to represent a quantity. Two quantities A and B which are within ...