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A connective in logic which yields true if any one of a sequence conditions is true, and false if all conditions are false. In formal logic, the term disjunction (or, more ...

A theorem giving a criterion for an origami construction to be flat. Kawasaki's theorem states that a given crease pattern can be folded to a flat origami iff all the ...

Let L denote the n×n square lattice with wraparound. Call an orientation of L an assignment of a direction to each edge of L, and denote the number of orientations of L such ...

A connection on a vector bundle pi:E->M is a way to "differentiate" bundle sections, in a way that is analogous to the exterior derivative df of a function f. In particular, ...

Determinants are mathematical objects that are very useful in the analysis and solution of systems of linear equations. As shown by Cramer's rule, a nonhomogeneous system of ...

Bowling, known as "ten pins" throughout most of the world, is a game played by rolling a heavy ball down a long narrow track and attempting to knock down ten pins arranged in ...

A Turing machine which, by appropriate programming using a finite length of input tape, can act as any Turing machine whatsoever. In his seminal paper, Turing himself gave ...

A tautology is a logical statement in which the conclusion is equivalent to the premise. More colloquially, it is formula in propositional calculus which is always true ...

A figurate number, also (but mostly in texts from the 1500 and 1600s) known as a figural number (Simpson and Weiner 1992, p. 587), is a number that can be represented by a ...

The Prosthaphaeresis formulas, also known as Simpson's formulas, are trigonometry formulas that convert a product of functions into a sum or difference. They are given by ...