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Rule 90 is one of the elementary cellular automaton rules introduced by Stephen Wolfram in 1983 (Wolfram 1983, 2002). It specifies the next color in a cell, depending on its ...

Sangaku problems, often written "san gaku," are geometric problems of the type found on devotional mathematical wooden tablets ("sangaku") which were hung under the roofs of ...

Schmidt (1993) proposed the problem of determining if for any integer r>=2, the sequence of numbers {c_k^((r))}_(k=1)^infty defined by the binomial sums sum_(k=0)^n(n; ...

The Schröder number S_n is the number of lattice paths in the Cartesian plane that start at (0, 0), end at (n,n), contain no points above the line y=x, and are composed only ...

The Schur number S(k) is the largest integer n for which the interval [1,n] can be partitioned into k sum-free sets (Fredricksen and Sweet 2000). S(k) is guaranteed to exist ...

The score sequence of a tournament is a monotonic nondecreasing sequence of the outdegrees of the graph vertices of the corresponding tournament graph. Elements of a score ...

A list of five properties of a topological space X expressing how rich the "population" of open sets is. More precisely, each of them tells us how tightly a closed subset can ...

In combinatorial mathematics, the series-parallel networks problem asks for the number of networks that can be formed using a given number of edges. The edges can be ...

Sexy primes are pairs of primes of the form (p, p+6), so-named since "sex" is the Latin word for "six.". The first few sexy prime pairs are (5, 11), (7, 13), (11, 17), (13, ...

Let alpha(G) denote the independence number of a graph G. Then the Shannon capacity Theta(G), sometimes also denoted c(G), of G is defined as ...