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If a group of men and women may date only if they have previously been introduced, then a complete set of dates is possible iff every subset of men has collectively been ...

The matrix direct sum of n matrices constructs a block diagonal matrix from a set of square matrices, i.e., direct sum _(i=1)^nA_i = diag(A_1,A_2,...,A_n) (1) = [A_1 ; A_2 ; ...

A metric space is a set S with a global distance function (the metric g) that, for every two points x,y in S, gives the distance between them as a nonnegative real number ...

A collection of moves together with a corresponding set of weights which are followed probabilistically in the playing of a game. The minimax theorem of game theory states ...

The set lambda of linear Möbius transformations w which satisfy w(t)=(at+b)/(ct+d), where a and d are odd and b and c are even. lambda is a subgroup of the modular group ...

For elliptic curves over the rationals Q, the group of rational points is always finitely generated (i.e., there always exists a finite set of group generators). This theorem ...

Possessing more than one mode. A set of values having a single unique mode is said to be unimodal, one with two modes is called bimodal, and one with three modes is called ...

A set which is connected but not simply connected is called multiply connected. A space is n-multiply connected if it is (n-1)-connected and if every map from the n-sphere ...

A set-like object in which order is ignored, but multiplicity is explicitly significant. Therefore, multisets {1,2,3} and {2,1,3} are equivalent, but {1,1,2,3} and {1,2,3} ...

A Nash equilibrium of a strategic game is a profile of strategies (s_1^*,...,s_n^*), where s_i^* in S_i (S_i is the strategy set of player i), such that for each player i, ...