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A knot is called prime if, for any decomposition as a connected sum, one of the factors is unknotted (Livingston 1993, pp. 5 and 78). A knot which is not prime is called a ...

A prime link is a link that cannot be represented as a knot sum of other links. Doll and Hoste (1991) list polynomials for oriented links of nine or fewer crossings, and ...

The product of primes p_n#=product_(k=1)^np_k, (1) with p_n the nth prime, is called the primorial function, by analogy with the factorial function. Its logarithm is closely ...

A prism graph, denoted Y_n, D_n (Gallian 1987), or Pi_n (Hladnik et al. 2002), and sometimes also called a circular ladder graph and denoted CL_n (Gross and Yellen 1999, p. ...

A projective plane, sometimes called a twisted sphere (Henle 1994, p. 110), is a surface without boundary derived from a usual plane by addition of a line at infinity. Just ...

Pythagoras's constant sqrt(2) has decimal expansion sqrt(2)=1.4142135623... (OEIS A000129), It was computed to 2000000000050 decimal digits by A. J. Yee on Feb. 9, 2012. The ...

A quartic graph is a graph which is 4-regular. The unique quartic graph on five nodes is the complete graph K_5, and the unique quartic graph on six nodes is the octahedral ...

A recurrence equation (also called a difference equation) is the discrete analog of a differential equation. A difference equation involves an integer function f(n) in a form ...

Two integers are relatively prime if they share no common positive factors (divisors) except 1. Using the notation (m,n) to denote the greatest common divisor, two integers m ...

The Reuleaux tetrahedron, sometimes also called the spherical tetrahedron, is the three-dimensional solid common to four spheres of equal radius placed so that the center of ...