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A multiple root is a root with multiplicity n>=2, also called a multiple point or repeated root. For example, in the equation (x-1)^2=0, 1 is multiple (double) root. If a ...

A problem is NP-hard if an algorithm for solving it can be translated into one for solving any NP-problem (nondeterministic polynomial time) problem. NP-hard therefore means ...

The British word for "zero." It is often used to indicate 0 subscripts, so a_0 would be spoken as "a naught."

An analytic refinement of results from complex analysis such as those codified by Picard's little theorem, Picard's great theorem, and the Weierstrass-Casorati theorem.

The norm topology on a normed space X=(X,||·||_X) is the topology tau consisting of all sets which can be written as a (possibly empty) union of sets of the form B_r(x)={y in ...

A plane coordinate system whose axes are not perpendicular. The x-coordinate of a point P is the abscissa of its projection onto the x-axis in the direction of the y-axis, ...

An n-dimensional open disk of radius r is the collection of points of distance less than r from a fixed point in Euclidean n-space. Krantz (1999, p. 3) uses the symbol D(x,r) ...

An outcome is a subset of a probability space. Experimental outcomes are not uniquely determined from the description of an experiment, and must be agreed upon to avoid ...

A fixed point of a linear transformation for which the rescaled variables satisfy (delta-alpha)^2+4betagamma=0.

The specification of a curve, surface, etc., by means of one or more variables which are allowed to take on values in a given specified range.