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The mathematical study of combinatorial objects in which a certain degree of order must occur as the scale of the object becomes large. Ramsey theory is named after Frank ...

In his famous paper of 1859, Riemann stated that the number N(T) of Riemann zeta function zeros sigma+it with 0<t<=T is asymptotically given by ...

The Rogers-Selberg identities are a set of three analytic q-series identities of Rogers-Ramanujan-type appearing as equation 33, 32, and 31 in Slater (1952), A(q) = ...

The SI prefixes are the 20 power-of-10 prefixes specified by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) for use in the International System of Units (SI). They are ...

The sample variance m_2 (commonly written s^2 or sometimes s_N^2) is the second sample central moment and is defined by m_2=1/Nsum_(i=1)^N(x_i-m)^2, (1) where m=x^_ the ...

Let psi_1(x) and psi_2(x) be any two real integrable functions in [a,b], then Schwarz's inequality is given by |<psi_1|psi_2>|^2<=<psi_1|psi_1><psi_2|psi_2>. (1) Written out ...

The term "similarity transformation" is used either to refer to a geometric similarity, or to a matrix transformation that results in a similarity. A similarity ...

One or both of the square bracket symbols [ and ] are used in many different contexts in mathematics. 1. Square brackets are occasionally used in especially complex ...

A subset is a portion of a set. B is a subset of A (written B subset= A) iff every member of B is a member of A. If B is a proper subset of A (i.e., a subset other than the ...

Surreal numbers are the most natural collection of numbers which includes both the real numbers and the infinite ordinal numbers of Georg Cantor. They were invented by John ...