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The real part R[z] of a complex number z=x+iy is the real number not multiplying i, so R[x+iy]=x. In terms of z itself, R[z]=1/2(z+z^_), where z^_ is the complex conjugate of ...

The reciprocal of a real or complex number z!=0 is its multiplicative inverse 1/z=z^(-1), i.e., z to the power -1. The reciprocal of zero is undefined. A plot of the ...

Closed forms are known for the sums of reciprocals of even-indexed Lucas numbers P_L^((e)) = sum_(n=1)^(infty)1/(L_(2n)) (1) = sum_(n=1)^(infty)1/(phi^(2n)+phi^(-2n)) (2) = ...

The term rectification is sometimes used to refer to the determination of the length of a curve. Rectification also refers to the operation which converts the midpoints of ...

The regularized beta function is defined by I(z;a,b)=(B(z;a,b))/(B(a,b)), where B(z;a,b) is the incomplete beta function and B(a,b) is the (complete) beta function. The ...

The regularized gamma functions are defined by P(a,z) = (gamma(a,z))/(Gamma(a)) (1) Q(a,z) = (Gamma(a,z))/(Gamma(a)), (2) where gamma(a,z) and Gamma(a,z) are incomplete gamma ...

Given a hypergeometric or generalized hypergeometric function _pF_q(a_1,...,a_p;b_1,...,b_q;z), the corresponding regularized hypergeometric function is defined by where ...

A figurate number which is constructed as a centered cube with a square pyramid appended to each face, RhoDod_n = CCub_n+6P_(n-1)^((4)) (1) = (2n-1)(2n^2-2n+1), (2) where ...

A rhombus is a quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel and all sides the same length, i.e., an equilateral parallelogram. The word rhomb is sometimes used ...

A rounded rectangle is the shape obtained by taking the convex hull of four equal circles of radius r and placing their centers at the four corners of a rectangle with side ...