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Let X be an infinite set of urelements, and let V(^*X) be an enlargement of the superstructure V(X). Let A,B in V(X) be finitary algebras with finitely many operations, and ...

"The" Jacobi identity is a relationship [A,[B,C]]+[B,[C,A]]+[C,[A,B]]=0,, (1) between three elements A, B, and C, where [A,B] is the commutator. The elements of a Lie algebra ...

The complex second-order ordinary differential equation x^2y^('')+xy^'-(ix^2+nu^2)y=0 (1) (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 379; Zwillinger 1997, p. 123), whose solutions can ...

Given a sum and a set of weights, find the weights which were used to generate the sum. The values of the weights are then encrypted in the sum. This system relies on the ...

A procedure for determining the behavior of an nth order ordinary differential equation at a removable singularity without actually solving the equation. Consider ...

Leakage, more explicitly called spectral leakage, is a smearing of power across a frequency spectrum that occurs when the signal being measured is not periodic in the sample ...

A field which is complete with respect to a discrete valuation is called a local field if its field of residue classes is finite. The Hasse principle is one of the chief ...

The Lommel differential equation is a generalization of the Bessel differential equation given by z^2y^('')+zy^'+(z^2-nu^2)y=kz^(mu+1), (1) or, in the most general form, by ...

The Mercator series, also called the Newton-Mercator series (Havil 2003, p. 33), is the Taylor series for the natural logarithm ln(1+x) = sum_(k=1)^(infty)((-1)^(k+1))/kx^k ...

The modified spherical Bessel differential equation is given by the spherical Bessel differential equation with a negative separation constant, ...