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The Mercator projection is a map projection that was widely used for navigation since loxodromes are straight lines (although great circles are curved). The following ...

A closed planar quadrilateral with opposite sides of equal lengths a and b, and with four right angles. A square is a degenerate rectangle with a=b. The area of the rectangle ...

The nth root (or "nth radical") of a quantity z is a value r such that z=r^n, and therefore is the inverse function to the taking of a power. The nth root is denoted ...

The invertible matrix theorem is a theorem in linear algebra which gives a series of equivalent conditions for an n×n square matrix A to have an inverse. In particular, A is ...

de Rham cohomology is a formal set-up for the analytic problem: If you have a differential k-form omega on a manifold M, is it the exterior derivative of another differential ...

The geodesics on a general cylinder generated by lines parallel to a line l with which the tangent makes a constant angle.

A spherical image of a curve. The most common indicatrix is Dupin's indicatrix.

Given a function f(x)=f_0(x), write f_1=f^'(x) and define the Sturm functions by f_n(x)=-{f_(n-2)(x)-f_(n-1)(x)[(f_(n-2)(x))/(f_(n-1)(x))]}, (1) where [P(x)/Q(x)] is a ...

The n-double cone graph is the name given in the work to the graphs that geometrically correspond to a double cone obtained by connecting all vertices of two C_n cycle graphs ...

A graph H is a minor of a graph G if a copy of H can be obtained from G via repeated edge deletion and/or edge contraction. The Kuratowski reduction theorem states that any ...