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For any two nonzero p-adic numbers a and b, the Hilbert symbol is defined as (a,b)={1 if z^2=ax^2+by^2 has a nonzero solution; -1 otherwise. (1) If the p-adic field is not ...

A law is a mathematical statement which always holds true. Whereas "laws" in physics are generally experimental observations backed up by theoretical underpinning, laws in ...

The Littlewood conjecture states that for any two real numbers x,y in R, lim inf_(n->infty)n|nx-nint(nx)||ny-nint(ny)|=0 where nint(z) denotes the nearest integer function. ...

The primes nearest to the nonnegative integers n=0, 1, 2, ..., assigning ties to the smaller prime, are 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 5, 5, 7, 7, 7, 11, 11, 11, 13, ... (OEIS A051697). If ...

The next prime function NP(n) gives the smallest prime larger than n. The function can be given explicitly as NP(n)=p_(1+pi(n)), where p_i is the ith prime and pi(n) is the ...

Write the exact powers of 2 and 3 in sorted order as 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 16, 27, 32, ... (OEIS A006899), and let u_n be the nth term in the sequence. Then u_(n+1)-u_n tends to ...

The previous prime function PP(n) gives the largest prime less than n. The function can be given explicitly as PP(n)=p_(pi(n-1)), where p_i is the ith prime and pi(n) is the ...

k+2 is prime iff the 14 Diophantine equations in 26 variables wz+h+j-q=0 (1) (gk+2g+k+1)(h+j)+h-z=0 (2) 16(k+1)^3(k+2)(n+1)^2+1-f^2=0 (3) 2n+p+q+z-e=0 (4) ...

The prime signature of a positive integer n is a sorted list of nonzero exponents a_i in the prime factorization n=p_1^(a_1)p_2^(a_2).... By definition, the prime signature ...

The pseudosmarandache function Z(n) is the smallest integer such that sum_(k=1)^(Z(n))k=1/2Z(n)[Z(n)+1] is divisible by n. The values for n=1, 2, ... are 1, 3, 2, 7, 4, 3, 6, ...