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The word "pole" is used prominently in a number of very different branches of mathematics. Perhaps the most important and widespread usage is to denote a singularity of a ...

A factor of a polynomial P(x) of degree n is a polynomial Q(x) of degree less than n which can be multiplied by another polynomial R(x) of degree less than n to yield P(x), ...

A power series in a variable z is an infinite sum of the form sum_(i=0)^inftya_iz^i, where a_i are integers, real numbers, complex numbers, or any other quantities of a given ...

The set R union {infty}, obtained by adjoining one improper element to the set R of real numbers, is the set of projectively extended real numbers. Although notation is not ...

A Pythagorean triple is a triple of positive integers a, b, and c such that a right triangle exists with legs a,b and hypotenuse c. By the Pythagorean theorem, this is ...

A regular continued fraction is a simple continued fraction x = b_0+1/(b_1+1/(b_2+1/(b_3+...))) (1) = K_(k=1)^(infty)1/(b_k) (2) = [b_0;b_1,b_2,...], (3) where b_0 is an ...

The roots (sometimes also called "zeros") of an equation f(x)=0 are the values of x for which the equation is satisfied. Roots x which belong to certain sets are usually ...

Ruffini's rule a shortcut method for dividing a polynomial by a linear factor of the form x-a which can be used in place of the standard long division algorithm. This method ...

Sexy primes are pairs of primes of the form (p, p+6), so-named since "sex" is the Latin word for "six.". The first few sexy prime pairs are (5, 11), (7, 13), (11, 17), (13, ...

Given a simplex of unit content in Euclidean d-space, pick n>=d+1 points uniformly and independently at random, and denote the expected content of their convex hull by ...