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A subsequence of {a} is a sequence {b} defined by b_k=a_(n_k), where n_1<n_2<... is an increasing sequence of indices (D'Angelo and West 2000). For example, the prime numbers ...

A condition used in the definition of a mathematical object, commonly denoted : or |. For example, the rationals Q can be defined by Q={p/q:q!=0,p,q in Z}, read as "the set ...

For a discrete function f(n), the summatory function is defined by F(n)=sum_(k in D)^nf(k), where D is the domain of the function.

The space join of a topological space X and a pair of points S^0, Sigma(X)=X*S^0.

The symbol ∼ used to denote similarity, equivalence relations, or asymptosy.

Symmetric points are preserved under a Möbius transformation. The Schwarz reflection principle is sometimes called the symmetry principle (Needham 2000, p. 252).

X fulfils the T1-separation axiom and is regular. A space satisfying the T_3-separation axiom is said to be a T3-space.

A topological space X fulfils the T1-separation axiom and is normal. A space fulfilling the T_4-separation axiom is said to be a T4-space.

A double point at which two (or more) osculating curves are tangent. The above plot shows the tacnode of the curve 2x^4-3x^2y+y^2-2y^3+y^4=0. The capricornoid and links curve ...

Taylor's inequality is an estimate result for the value of the remainder term R_n(x) in any n-term finite Taylor series approximation. Indeed, if f is any function which ...