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An extension field of a field F that is not algebraic over F, i.e., an extension field that has at least one element that is transcendental over F. For example, the field of ...

The number of graph edges meeting at a given node in a graph is called the order of that graph vertex.

In the calculus of variations, the condition f_(y^')(x,y,y^'(x_-))=f_(y^')(x,y,y^'(x_+)) must hold at a corner (x,y) of a minimizing arc E_(12).

The quintic equation x^5+ax^3+1/5a^2x+b=0 (1) is sometimes known as de Moivre's quintic (Spearman and Williams 1994). It has solutions x_j=omega^ju_1+omega^(4j)u_2 (2) for ...

A category consists of three things: a collection of objects, for each pair of objects a collection of morphisms (sometimes call "arrows") from one to another, and a binary ...

From the point of view of coordinate charts, the notion of tangent space is quite simple. The tangent space consists of all directions, or velocities, a particle can take. In ...

The direct product is defined for a number of classes of algebraic objects, including sets, groups, rings, and modules. In each case, the direct product of an algebraic ...

A surface such as the Möbius strip or Klein bottle (Gray 1997, pp. 322-323) on which there exists a closed path such that the directrix is reversed when moved around this ...

The number of ways of folding a strip of stamps has several possible variants. Considering only positions of the hinges for unlabeled stamps without regard to orientation of ...

If two numbers b and c have the property that their difference b-c is integrally divisible by a number m (i.e., (b-c)/m is an integer), then b and c are said to be "congruent ...