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The p×p square matrix formed by setting s_(ij)=xi^(ij), where xi is a pth root of unity. The Schur matrix has a particularly simple determinant given by ...

The general sextic equation x^6+a_5x^5+a_4x^4+a_3x^3+a_2x^2+a_1x+a_0=0 can be solved in terms of Kampé de Fériet functions, and a restricted class of sextics can be solved in ...

An algebraic surface which can be represented implicitly by a polynomial of degree six in x, y, and z. Examples of quartic surfaces include the Barth sextic, Boy surface, ...

Let a simple graph G have n vertices, chromatic polynomial P(x), and chromatic number chi. Then P(G) can be written as P(G)=sum_(i=0)^ha_i·(x)_(p-i), where h=n-chi and (x)_k ...

Simple harmonic motion refers to the periodic sinusoidal oscillation of an object or quantity. Simple harmonic motion is executed by any quantity obeying the differential ...

A sequence of approximations a/b to sqrt(n) can be derived by factoring a^2-nb^2=+/-1 (1) (where -1 is possible only if -1 is a quadratic residue of n). Then ...

The trigonometric formulas for pi/5 can be derived using the multiple-angle formula sin(5theta)=5sintheta-20sin^3theta+16sin^5theta. (1) Letting theta=pi/5 and x=sintheta ...

Legendre showed that there is no rational algebraic function which always gives primes. In 1752, Goldbach showed that no polynomial with integer coefficients can give a prime ...

An abnormal number is a hypothetical number which can be factored into primes in more than one way. Hardy and Wright (1979) prove the fundamental theorem of arithmetic by ...

An accumulation point is a point which is the limit of a sequence, also called a limit point. For some maps, periodic orbits give way to chaotic ones beyond a point known as ...