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Let {y^k} be a set of orthonormal vectors with k=1, 2, ..., K, such that the inner product (y^k,y^k)=1. Then set x=sum_(k=1)^Ku_ky^k (1) so that for any square matrix A for ...

A quadric is a quadratic surface. A surface of the form (x^2)/(a^2+theta)+(y^2)/(b^2+theta)+(z^2)/(c^2+theta)=1 is also called a quadric, and theta is said to be the ...

Diagonalize a form over the rationals to diag[p^a·A,p^b·B,...], where all the entries are integers and A, B, ... are relatively prime to p. Then the p-signature of the form ...

The values of -d for which imaginary quadratic fields Q(sqrt(-d)) are uniquely factorable into factors of the form a+bsqrt(-d). Here, a and b are half-integers, except for ...

The bracket polynomial is one-variable knot polynomial related to the Jones polynomial. The bracket polynomial, however, is not a topological invariant, since it is changed ...

Kontsevich's integral is a far-reaching generalization of the Gauss integral for the linking number, and provides a tool to construct the universal Vassiliev invariant of a ...

Let the multiples m, 2m, ..., [(p-1)/2]m of an integer such that pm be taken. If there are an even number r of least positive residues mod p of these numbers >p/2, then m is ...

In his monumental treatise Disquisitiones Arithmeticae, Gauss conjectured that the class number h(-d) of an imaginary quadratic field with binary quadratic form discriminant ...

The Legendre symbol is a number theoretic function (a/p) which is defined to be equal to +/-1 depending on whether a is a quadratic residue modulo p. The definition is ...

A finite simple connected graph G is quadratically embeddable if its quadratic embedding constant QEC(G) is nonpositive, i.e., QEC(G)<=0. A graph being quadratically ...