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A number D that possesses no common divisor with a prime number p is either a quadratic residue or nonresidue of p, depending whether D^((p-1)/2) is congruent mod p to +/-1.

The quadratic class number constant is a constant related to the average behavior of class numbers of real quadratic fields. It is given by Q = product_(p)[1-1/(p^2(p+1))] ...

Given a simple harmonic oscillator with a quadratic perturbation, write the perturbation term in the form alphaepsilonx^2, x^..+omega_0^2x-alphaepsilonx^2=0, (1) find the ...

Somos's quadratic recurrence constant is defined via the sequence g_n=ng_(n-1)^2 (1) with g_0=1. This has closed-form solution ...

For positive numbers a and b with a!=b, (a+b)/2>(b-a)/(lnb-lna)>sqrt(ab).

Relates invariants of a curve defined over the integers. If this inequality were proven true, then Fermat's last theorem would follow for sufficiently large exponents. ...

A balanced incomplete block design (v, k, lambda, r, b) exists only for b>=v (or, equivalently, r>=k).

Let y_n be a complex number for 1<=n<=N and let y_n=0 if n<1 or n>N. Then (Montgomery 2001).

Let E be the largest and e the smallest power of l in the HOMFLY polynomial of an oriented link, and i be the braid index. Then the Morton-Franks-Williams inequality holds, ...

A completely positive matrix is a real n×n square matrix A=(a_(ij)) that can be factorized as A=BB^(T), where B^(T) stands for the transpose of B and B is any (not ...