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If there is no integer 0<x<p such that x^2=q (mod p), i.e., if the congruence (35) has no solution, then q is said to be a quadratic nonresidue (mod p). If the congruence ...

A sieving procedure that can be used in conjunction with Dixon's factorization method to factor large numbers n. Pick values of r given by r=|_sqrt(n)_|+k, (1) where k=1, 2, ...

A quadratic form Q(x) is indefinite if it is less than 0 for some values and greater than 0 for others. The quadratic form, written in the form (x,Ax), is indefinite if ...

Given a simple harmonic oscillator with a quadratic perturbation, write the perturbation term in the form alphaepsilonx^2, x^..+omega_0^2x-alphaepsilonx^2=0, (1) find the ...

For a quadratic form Q in the canonical form Q=y_1^2+y_2^2+...+y_p^2-y_(p+1)^2-y_(p+2)^2-...-y_r^2, the rank is the total number r of square terms (both positive and ...

A quadratic field Q(sqrt(D)) with D>0.

The signature of a non-degenerate quadratic form Q=y_1^2+y_2^2+...+y_p^2-y_(p+1)^2-y_(p+2)^2-...-y_r^2 of rank r is most often defined to be the ordered pair (p,q)=(p,r-p) of ...

An imaginary quadratic field is a quadratic field Q(sqrt(D)) with D<0. Special cases are summarized in the following table. D field members -1 Gaussian integer -3 Eisenstein ...

A method to obtain a signal C_l(z) with a flat spectrum c(theta;z) (such as a pulse), but having a smaller amplitude than the pulse. ...

The index I associated to a symmetric, non-degenerate, and bilinear g over a finite-dimensional vector space V is a nonnegative integer defined by I=max_(W in S)(dimW) where ...