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A generalization of the Fibonacci numbers defined by the four constants (p,q,r,s) and the definitions H_0=p and H_1=q together with the linear recurrence equation ...

The solid cut from a horizontal cylinder of length L and radius R by a single plane oriented parallel to the cylinder's axis of symmetry (i.e., a portion of a horizontal ...

A root-finding algorithm based on the iteration formula x_(n+1)=x_n-(f(x_n))/(f^'(x_n)){1+(f(x_n)f^('')(x_n))/(2[f^'(x_n)]^2)}. This method, like Newton's method, has poor ...

A hyperbolic fixed point of a differential equation is a fixed point for which the stability matrix has eigenvalues lambda_1<0<lambda_2, also called a saddle point. A ...

A hypotrochoid is a roulette traced by a point P attached to a circle of radius b rolling around the inside of a fixed circle of radius a, where P is a distance h from the ...

An identity is a mathematical relationship equating one quantity to another (which may initially appear to be different).

An infinitesimal transformation of a vector r is given by r^'=(I+e)r, (1) where the matrix e is infinitesimal and I is the identity matrix. (Note that the infinitesimal ...

A function defined for all positive integers, sometimes also called an arithmetic function (Nagell 1951, p. 26) or number theoretic function (Wilf 1994, p. 58).

A polynomial of the form f(x)=a_nx^n+a_(n-1)x^(n-1)+...+a_1x+a_0 having coefficients a_i that are all integers. An integer polynomial gives integer values for all integer ...

A differential ideal is an ideal I in the ring of smooth forms on a manifold M. That is, it is closed under addition, scalar multiplication, and wedge product with an ...