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A branch of mathematics that is a sort of generalization of calculus. Calculus of variations seeks to find the path, curve, surface, etc., for which a given function has a ...

A method for finding recurrence relations for hypergeometric polynomials directly from the series expansions of the polynomials. The method is effective and easily ...

A k-matrix is a kind of cube root of the identity matrix (distinct from the identity matrix) which is defined by the complex matrix k=[0 0 -i; i 0 0; 0 1 0]. It satisfies ...

The symmetric group S_n of degree n is the group of all permutations on n symbols. S_n is therefore a permutation group of order n! and contains as subgroups every group of ...

Euler's continued fraction is the name given by Borwein et al. (2004, p. 30) to Euler's formula for the inverse tangent, ...

The Machin-like formula 1/4pi=cot^(-1)(2)+cot^(-1)(3). The other 2-term Machin-like formulas are Hermann's formula, hutton's formula, and Machin's formula.

The inverse function of the Gudermannian y=gd^(-1)phi gives the vertical position y in the Mercator projection in terms of the latitude phi and may be defined for 0<=x<pi/2 ...

The inverse haversine function hav^(-1)(z) is defined by hav^(-1)(z)=2sin^(-1)(sqrt(z)). (1) The inverse haversine is implemented in the Wolfram Language as ...

Let a, b, and c be the lengths of the legs of a triangle opposite angles A, B, and C. Then the law of sines states that a/(sinA)=b/(sinB)=c/(sinC)=2R, (1) where R is the ...

Let a triangle have sides of length a, b, and c and let the angles opposite these sides be denoted A, B, and C. The law of tangents states ...