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The Gini coefficient (or Gini ratio) G is a summary statistic of the Lorenz curve and a measure of inequality in a population. The Gini coefficient is most easily calculated ...

The mean distance of a (connected) graph is the mean of the elements of its graph distance matrix. Closed forms for some classes of named graphs are given in the following ...

Given a statistical distribution with measured mean, statistical median, mode, and standard deviation sigma, Pearson's first skewness coefficient, also known as the Pearson ...

The sample variance m_2 (commonly written s^2 or sometimes s_N^2) is the second sample central moment and is defined by m_2=1/Nsum_(i=1)^N(x_i-m)^2, (1) where m=x^_ the ...

The weak law of large numbers (cf. the strong law of large numbers) is a result in probability theory also known as Bernoulli's theorem. Let X_1, ..., X_n be a sequence of ...

The term annihilator is used in several different ways in various aspects of mathematics. It is most commonly used to mean the set of all functions satisfying a given set of ...

A difference-differential equation is a two-variable equation consisting of a coupled ordinary differential equation and recurrence equation. In older literature, the term ...

A piecewise regular function that 1. Has a finite number of finite discontinuities and 2. Has a finite number of extrema can be expanded in a Fourier series which converges ...

The Enneper surfaces are a three-parameter family of surfaces with constant negative curvature (and nonconstant mean curvature). In general, they are described by elliptic ...

One billion (10^9) bytes. Unfortunately, the term is sometimes also used to mean 2^(30)=1024^3=1073741824 bytes. However, this usage is deprecated, and the term gibibyte is ...