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Specifying two sides and the angle between them uniquely (up to geometric congruence) determines a triangle. Let c be the base length and h be the height. Then the area is ...

Specifying three sides uniquely determines a triangle whose area is given by Heron's formula, K=sqrt(s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)), (1) where s=1/2(a+b+c) (2) is the semiperimeter of the ...

The perpendicular distance h from an arc's midpoint to the chord across it, equal to the radius R minus the apothem r, h=R-r. (1) For a regular polygon of side length a, h = ...

A Greek cross rotated by 45 degrees, also called the crux decussata, illustrated schematically above in polyomino form. The multiplication sign × is based on Saint Andrew's ...

A cross also called the tau cross or crux commissa, illustrated schematically above in polyomino form.

The Sally sequence gives the sequence of lengths of the repetitions which are avoided in the Linus sequence. The first few terms are 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 2, 1, 6, 3, 2, ...

In order for a band-limited (i.e., one with a zero power spectrum for frequencies nu>B) baseband (nu>0) signal to be reconstructed fully, it must be sampled at a rate nu>=2B. ...

The set of "critical values" of a map u:R^n->R^n of map class C^1 has Lebesgue measure 0 in R^n.

A linkage which converts circular to linear motion using a hinged square.

Deciding whether a given Boolean formula in conjunctive normal form has an assignment that makes the formula "true." In 1971, Cook showed that the problem is NP-complete.